I think Raoul Dufy is a worth looking at, a painter called Lari Pittman has used a window device, in some series more than others, so you might need to trawl a little. But mostly I'd think of Edward Hopper He has many paintings where the interior world of the personal and the private are viewed against the exterior, public world of the outside. Often times in Hoppers paintings you can feel you are becoming uncomfortably close to the subject you are viewing, and the sensation can be creepily voyeuristic. Louise Bourgeois has made strange kind of vitrines fashioned from doors made into circular rooms, and in each room is a set up, a kind of personalised museum. to see these you have to peer through windows in the doors. These join our world to her world, to a experience of the artists creation
Gary Hume made paintings of hospital doors, though the windows of these doors are blank, they are made as the first and last doors we ever pass through, so maybe by looking at these we are looking through from the other side, at ourselves, simultaneously looking at our own unknowable futures?